Yamato Lab Ovens by Series: Convection, Fine, Vacuum, Clean and Inert Models Compared
At LabSupplies.com, choosing a Yamato oven starts with the series, because the letters in a Yamato model number tell you how the chamber heats: DX, DVS and DG are natural (gravity) convection; DKL, DKV, DNE and DNF are forced air; DF and DH are fine ovens with horizontal airflow; ADP, SDP and DP are vacuum ovens; DE, DT, DES and DTS are Class 100 clean ovens; and the DN-IE models are nitrogen inert ovens. The digits then give you the size and the voltage: DNF401 is the 90 L, 115 V forced/natural oven, and DNF411 is the same oven at 220 V.
Yamato Oven Series at a Glance
Gravity versus forced air, and atmospheric versus vacuum, are covered in our laboratory oven buying guide. This guide starts at the model number. RT is room temperature.
| Series | Type and airflow | Operating range | Chambers | Typical use |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DX | Natural (gravity) convection | RT +5 to 300 °C (DX602C to 280 °C) | 28, 74, 153 L | Economical drying and baking |
| DVS | Natural convection, programmable, window | RT +5 to 260 °C | 99, 162 L | Programs with a window |
| DG | Glassware drying, natural or fan-assisted | RT +5 to 70 °C | 92, 445 L | Drying and storing washed glassware |
| DR201 | Natural convection, high temperature | 300 to 700 °C | 13.75 L | Ashing and sintering |
| DKL | Forced air, non-programmable | RT +10 to 260 °C | 27, 90, 150 L | Fixed-temperature drying |
| DKV | Forced air, programmable color LCD | RT +10 to 270 °C (DKV910: 220 °C) | 90 to 300 L, DKV910 | Programmed drying and curing |
| DNE | Forced air, energy-saving | RT +20 to 210 °C | 90, 150, 300, 540 L | Long holds at moderate heat |
| DNF | Forced plus natural in one chamber | RT +15 to 260 °C | 27, 90, 150, 300, 540 L | Mixed sample types |
| DF / DH | Fine oven, horizontal forced airflow | To 260 / 360 °C | 91, 216, 512, 1,000 L | Tight-uniformity heat treatment |
| DH650Z | Fine oven, high temperature | RT +10 to 500 °C | 216 L | Heat treatment to 500 °C |
| ADP | Vacuum, benchtop | 40 to 240 °C; 101 to 0.1 kPa | 10, 27 L | Small-batch vacuum drying |
| SDP | Vacuum, Watlow ramp/soak control | To 220 °C | 47.2, 127.4, 264 L | Programmed vacuum drying |
| DP | Vacuum, floor-standing | 40 to 200 °C; 101 to 0.1 kPa | 91, 216, 512, 1,000 L | Large vacuum batches |
| DE / DES | Clean oven, Class 100, HEPA | RT +30 to 260 °C | 91, 216, 327 L | Particle-controlled curing |
| DT / DTS | Clean oven, Class 100, HEPA | RT +30 to 360 °C | 91, 216, 327 L | Particle-controlled, higher heat |
| DN-IE | Inert, nitrogen-purged | RT +15 to 360 °C | 95, 223 L | Heat treatment without oxidation |
Reading a Yamato Model Number
The 220 V twin is one digit up. Across the convection and vacuum ranges, Yamato builds the same oven twice and raises the tens digit by one for the 220 V version: DX402C / DX412C, DKL601C / DKL611C, DKV400 / DKV410, DG440C / DG450C, ADP200C / ADP210C and SDP300 / SDP310. On the DX, DKL, DNE and ADP brochures the 115 V model has a plug and the 220 V model has round terminals for hard-wiring. The DNF601 ships without a plug at either voltage.
The first digit tracks chamber size. Across the convection, fine and clean lines, a 3 is roughly 27 L (DKL301C, DNF301), a 4 is about 90 L (DKL401C, DNF401, DF412), a 6 is 150 to 216 L (DNF601, DF612), an 8 is 300 to 512 L (DNF811, DF832) and a 9 or 10 is 540 to 1,000 L (DNF911, DF1032). It is a pattern, not a published Yamato code; order by the litres on the listing.
3-phase models. These are 3-phase 220 V only: DE411, DE611, DT411, DT611, DES830, DTS830, DF832, DF1032, DH832, DH1032 and DH650Z. The 1,000 L DP104C vacuum oven is 480 V 3-phase.
Natural Convection: DX, DVS, DG and DR201
The DX302C, DX402C and DX602C are Yamato's economical gravity ovens: a digital PID controller with fixed-temperature, quick auto-stop, auto-stop and auto-start modes, but no multi-step program. They reach 300 °C (280 °C on the DX602C) with ±10 °C distribution. The DVS403C (99 L) and DVS603C (162 L) add program operation and a 250 × 280 mm observation window, and tighten distribution to ±5.0 °C at 260 °C.
The DG series is a low-temperature cabinet for washed glassware, RT +5 to 70 °C, with a water-receiving plate at the bottom. The DG440C and DG840C add an air-intake filter, an exhaust fan and a germicidal lamp; the 445 L DG800C and DG840C sit on casters. At the other extreme, the 13.75 L DR201-115V controls from 300 to 700 °C and Yamato rates it for ashing and sintering. Above 700 °C, or for routine loss-on-ignition work, see our muffle furnace guide.
Forced Convection: DKL, DKV, DNE and DNF
| Series | Control | Uniformity (Yamato) | Pick it for |
|---|---|---|---|
| DKL | Non-programmable PID; fixed temperature with timer modes | ±2.5 °C at 260 °C | DKL401C: simple fixed-setpoint drying |
| DKV | VSD-1 controller, 3.5-inch color LCD, program operation | Fluctuation ±0.5 to ±0.6 °C; gradient 9 °C at 270 °C (400/600) | DKV600: programs to 270 °C |
| DNE | 99 steps × 99 patterns; power and CO₂ display | ±2.0 °C at 210 °C | DNE601: long holds at or below 210 °C |
| DNF | 99-step program; air velocity in 10 stages; forced or natural | ±2.5 °C at 260 °C (forced) | DNF401: one oven for robust and delicate samples |
The DKV is the one to choose when you want a programmable oven at the full 270 °C. Its brochure lists an RS-485 terminal, a 4–20 mA temperature output and door hinges that hold at 30° and 120°. For the DNE, Yamato states about 40% energy saving at constant temperature against its previous models. The DNF combines both circulation types in the 27, 90 and 150 L sizes. In natural mode (air velocity 0) it controls only from RT +25 to 120 °C: a gentle low-temperature mode, not a second 260 °C oven.
Fine Ovens: DF, DH and DH650Z
Yamato's fine ovens circulate heated air in a horizontal flow pattern and carry a double K-thermocouple, an exhaust damper and program operation. The DF412 is the tightest-specified atmospheric oven in the range: ±0.1 °C adjustment accuracy and ±1.5 °C distribution at 260 °C. The DH412 and DH612 extend to 360 °C at ±0.2 °C accuracy and ±2.5 °C distribution. The 216 L DH650Z runs to 500 °C with ±0.5 °C adjustment accuracy and ±5.0 °C distribution at 500 °C, and needs 3-phase 220 V at 26 A.
Vacuum Ovens and the Pump Each One Takes
Every Yamato vacuum oven holds vacuum; none makes it. Our vacuum drying ovens guide covers when low pressure beats convection. The model-level question is which pump kit fits, and Yamato's brochures name them:
| Oven | Range | Yamato-listed pump kit |
|---|---|---|
| ADP200C, ADP300C | 40 to 240 °C, 101 to 0.1 kPa | GLD137CC115DPRKIT (oil-sealed rotary vane, rubber hose) or NEOADPCKITA (dry) |
| SDP300 | RT +10 to 220 °C | GLD137CC115DPRKIT or NEOSDPKITC (dry) |
| SDP400, SDP610 | RT +10 / +15 to 220 °C | GLD202BB115DPRKIT (rubber hose), GLD202BB115DPSKIT (stainless hose) or NEOSDPKITC |
| DP43C, DP63C | 40 to 200 °C, 101 to 0.1 kPa | GLD202BB with rubber or stainless hose kit |
| DP83C, DP104C | 40 to 200 °C, 101 to 0.1 kPa | NEODP83104KITD (NeoDry60E2 dry) |
Each GLD kit comes in 115 V and 220 V, and the part number carries the voltage; the stainless hose kit is the corrosion-resistant option. The DP43C and DP63C store the pump in the bottom cabinet; the DP83C and DP104C take it inside the oven. If you are pulling solvent, Yamato's ADP and DP43C/63C drawings put the CA301 cold trap between oven and pump; our pump protection guide explains why. Yamato's oven brochures also say never to load explosive or flammable material. OSHA defines a flammable liquid as any with a flashpoint at or below 93 °C (199.4 °F), so check your solvent against that line before you dry it.
The SDP adds a Watlow EZ-ZONE ramp/soak controller, a VITON door gasket and a digital gauge reading down to 0 mTorr, with a 10 mTorr maximum permitted end vacuum. Nitrogen purge is a factory option on the ADP and DP, so specify it with the oven order.
Clean Ovens: DE, DT, DES and DTS
Yamato's clean ovens push forced-convection air through a heat-resistant HEPA filter (above 99.97% at 0.3 µm) and specify Class 100 once the temperature is stable. FDA's aseptic processing guidance equates Class 100 with ISO 5. Pick by temperature and size:
- To 260 °C: DE411 (91 L) and DE611 (216 L) at ±2.5 °C distribution; DES830 (327 L) at ±2.0 °C.
- To 360 °C: DT411 and DT611 at ±4.0 °C; DTS830 (327 L) at ±5.0 °C.
All six are 3-phase 220 V floor units on casters; the DE411 measures 700 × 1025 × 1570 mm outside. A phase-reversal relay on the DE/DT flags incorrect wiring at installation. Duct connection ports, an N₂ introduction device and a data logger are factory options, so order them with the oven.
Inert Ovens: DN411IE and DN611IE
For an oxygen-free atmosphere at normal pressure, the DN411IE (95 L) and DN611IE (223 L) purge the chamber with nitrogen at up to 30 L/min. Yamato rates nitrogen substitution to 2% oxygen at about 30 minutes for the DN411IE and about 70 minutes for the DN611IE. Both run to 360 °C with ±0.2 °C adjustment accuracy and ±3 °C uniformity, on single-phase 220 V (13.5 A and 19 A).
Footprint and Freight
Use the exterior dimensions, not the shipping size. Where Yamato publishes it, our listings carry the true exterior (W × D × H): the ADP200C is 400 × 412 × 603 mm and the DP43C is 670 × 669 × 1500 mm. The separate Shipping Dimensions row is the crate. Our freight receiving guide covers doorways and liftgates for the floor-standing models.
Selecting the Right Yamato Oven
| If you need | Order |
|---|---|
| Glassware drying and storage | DG400C (115 V) or DG410C (220 V) |
| Fixed-temperature drying to 260 °C on 115 V | DKL401C |
| Gravity drying to 300 °C | DX402C |
| Programmable forced air to 270 °C | DKV400 |
| Forced and natural convection in one oven | DNF401 |
| Tightest uniformity to 260 °C | DF412 |
| Heat treatment to 500 °C | DH650Z |
| Ashing to 700 °C in a small chamber | DR201-115V |
| Benchtop vacuum drying | ADP300C with GLD137CC115DPRKIT |
| Programmed vacuum ramp/soak | SDP400 with GLD202BB115DPRKIT |
| Class 100 curing to 360 °C | DT611 |
| Heat treatment without oxidation | DN411IE |
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between the Yamato DNF401 and DNF411?
Only the voltage. The DNF401 is 115 V (11 A, with plug); the DNF411 is 220 V (6 A, no plug, round terminals). Chamber, range and convection modes are identical.
Which vacuum pump goes with the Yamato SDP400?
Yamato's SDP brochure lists the GLD202BB rotary vane pump: GLD202BB115DPRKIT (rubber hose) or GLD202BB115DPSKIT (stainless hose), with 220 V versions for the SDP410 and SDP610. The SDP300 takes the GLD137CC115DPRKIT, and the NEOSDPKITC dry pump kit fits every SDP.
Does the Yamato DNF series really run in natural convection?
The DNF301, DNF401 and DNF601 do. At air velocity 0 the chamber runs in natural convection from RT +25 to 120 °C; with the fan on it controls from RT +15 to 260 °C. The DNF811 and DNF911 are forced only.
What is the difference between Yamato DF and DH fine ovens?
Temperature. The DF412 and DF612 run to 260 °C (±1.5 °C distribution); the DH412 and DH612 to 360 °C (±2.5 °C). In 512 L and 1,000 L, the DF832/DF1032 reach 200 °C and the DH832/DH1032 300 °C, on 3-phase 220 V.
What does Class 100 mean on Yamato DE and DT clean ovens?
It is the air cleanliness Yamato specifies once the temperature is stable, through a heat-resistant HEPA filter (above 99.97% at 0.3 µm). FDA guidance equates Class 100 with ISO 5: 3,520 particles of 0.5 µm and larger per cubic metre. An optional DES830 filter holds Class 100 at fluctuating temperatures up to 200 °C.
Setting up a new lab? Our LaunchLab program gives qualifying new labs 15% off Heathrow Scientific consumables for 12 months; equipment stays at our regular prices. See if you qualify →
Ordering a specific model? Every Yamato oven we list carries its model number, voltage version and Yamato's brochure. Browse Yamato Scientific → or see all laboratory ovens → Pump kits are in vacuum pumps and kits.
Send your process temperature, chamber size and line voltage to support@labsupplies.com and we will name the Yamato model number that fits.
Related Guides
- How to Choose a Laboratory Oven
- Vacuum Drying Ovens: When Low-Pressure Drying Beats Convection
- Choosing and Protecting a Lab Vacuum Pump
- Receiving Freight-Delivered Lab Equipment: Weight, Doorways, Power and Damage Checks
- Buying Brand-Name Lab Equipment: Order by the Full Catalog Number
Sources and Technical References
- Guidance for Industry: Sterile Drug Products Produced by Aseptic Processing — Current Good Manufacturing Practice, Table 1 Air Classifications (Class 100 = ISO 5), U.S. Food and Drug Administration — fda.gov
- 29 CFR 1910.106 — Flammable liquids, Occupational Safety and Health Administration — ecfr.gov
— By the LabSupplies.com Technical Team